Ok, na wat vallen en opstaan en wat hulp van @Rizier123, is hier het antwoord:
html op de formulierpagina
Voor de duidelijkheid probeerde ik erachter te komen hoe ik verschillende arrays van gegevens aan mijn db kon toevoegen. Dus op de dynamische formulierpagina heb ik invoer vergelijkbaar met:
<p>Location: <input type='text' name='location[]' > </p>
Het formulier verwerken en de gegevens invoeren in de database
Eerst schakelde ik over van mysqli naar PDO, daarna liep ik met de volgende code:
try {
$sql = "INSERT INTO location_info (`department`, `participant`, `activity`, `location`, `rec_injuries`, `rec_injuries_timeframe`, `non_rec_injuries`, `non_rec_injuries_timeframe`, `competitor`, `cost_per_pair`, `usage_rate`, `leakage`, `cost_of_productivity`, `non_rec_impact`, `non_rec_sprain`, `non_rec_puncture`, `non_rec_dermatitis`, `non_rec_infection`, `non_rec_burns`, `non_rec_cuts`, `rec_impact`, `rec_sprain`, `rec_puncture`, `rec_dermatitis`, `rec_infection`, `rec_burns`, `rec_cuts`, `condition`, `general_id`)
VALUES (:department, :participant, :activity, :location, :rec_injuries, :rec_injuries_timeframe, :non_rec_injuries, :non_rec_injuries_timeframe, :competitor, :cost_per_pair, :usage_rate, :leakage, :cost_of_productivity,:non_rec_impact, :non_rec_sprain, :non_rec_puncture, :non_rec_dermatitis, :non_rec_infection, :non_rec_burns, :non_rec_cuts, :rec_impact, :rec_sprain, :rec_puncture, :rec_dermatitis, :rec_infection, :rec_burns, :rec_cuts, :condition, '{$id}')";
$stmt = $db->prepare($sql);
for($i = 0, $l = count($_POST["department_name"]); $i < $l; $i++) {
$loc_info = array(':department' => $_POST["department_name"][$i],
':participant' => $_POST["participant_name"][$i],
':activity' => $_POST["activity"][$i],
':location' => $_POST["location"][$i],
':rec_injuries' => $_POST["injuries"][$i],
':rec_injuries_timeframe' => $_POST["injury_time_frame"][$i],
':non_rec_injuries' => $_POST["non_rec_injuries"][$i],
':non_rec_injuries_timeframe' => $_POST["non_rec_injury_timeframe"][$i],
':competitor' => $_POST["competitor"][$i],
':cost_per_pair' => $_POST["cost_per_pair"][$i],
':usage_rate' => $_POST["usage_rate"][$i],
':leakage' => $_POST["leakage"][$i],
':cost_of_productivity' => $_POST["cost_of_productivity"][$i],
':non_rec_impact' => $_POST["non_rec_impact"][$i],
':non_rec_sprain' => $_POST["non_rec_sprain"][$i],
':non_rec_puncture' => $_POST["non_rec_puncture"][$i],
':non_rec_dermatitis' => $_POST["non_rec_dermatitis"][$i],
':non_rec_infection' => $_POST["non_rec_infection"][$i],
':non_rec_burns' => $_POST["non_rec_burns"][$i],
':non_rec_cuts' => $_POST["non_rec_cuts"][$i],
':rec_impact' => $_POST["impact"][$i],
':rec_sprain' => $_POST["sprain"][$i],
':rec_puncture' => $_POST["puncture"][$i],
':rec_dermatitis' => $_POST["dermatitis"][$i],
':rec_infection' => $_POST["infection"][$i],
':rec_burns' => $_POST["burns"][$i],
':rec_cuts' => $_POST["cuts"][$i],
':condition' => $_POST["condition"][$i] );
$stmt->execute($loc_info);
}