retourwaarde op een positie van STRING_SPLIT in SQL Server 2016

Wanneer OPENJSON een JSON-array parseert, retourneert de functie de indexen van de elementen in de JSON-tekst als sleutels.

Voor jouw geval was dit:

SELECT 'z_y_x' AS splitIt
INTO #split UNION
SELECT 'a_b_c'

DECLARE @delimiter CHAR(1)='_';

SELECT * 
FROM #split
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON('["' +  REPLACE(splitIt,@delimiter,'","') + '"]') s
WHERE s.[key]=1; --zero based

Laten we hopen dat toekomstige versies van STRING_SPLIT() zal deze informatie bevatten

UPDATE Prestatietests, vergelijk met populaire Jeff-Moden-splitter

Probeer dit eens:

USE master;
GO

CREATE DATABASE dbTest;
GO

USE dbTest;
GO
--Jeff Moden's splitter
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[DelimitedSplit8K](@pString VARCHAR(8000), @pDelimiter CHAR(1))
RETURNS TABLE WITH SCHEMABINDING AS
 RETURN
  WITH E1(N) AS (
                 SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL
                 SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL
                 SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1
                ),                          --10E+1 or 10 rows
       E2(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E1 a, E1 b), --10E+2 or 100 rows
       E4(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E2 a, E2 b), --10E+4 or 10,000 rows max
 cteTally(N) AS (
                 SELECT TOP (ISNULL(DATALENGTH(@pString),0)) ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) FROM E4
                ),
cteStart(N1) AS (
                 SELECT 1 UNION ALL
                 SELECT t.N+1 FROM cteTally t WHERE SUBSTRING(@pString,t.N,1) = @pDelimiter
                ),
cteLen(N1,L1) AS(
                 SELECT s.N1,
                        ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@pDelimiter,@pString,s.N1),0)-s.N1,8000)
                   FROM cteStart s
                )
 SELECT ItemNumber = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY l.N1),
        Item       = SUBSTRING(@pString, l.N1, l.L1)
   FROM cteLen l
;
GO
--Avoid first call bias
SELECT * FROM dbo.DelimitedSplit8K('a,b,c',',');
GO  

--Table to keep the results
CREATE TABLE Results(ID INT IDENTITY,ResultSource VARCHAR(100),durationMS INT, RowsCount INT);
GO
--Table with strings to split
CREATE TABLE dbo.DelimitedItems(ID INT IDENTITY,DelimitedNString nvarchar(4000),DelimitedString varchar(8000));
GO

--Krijg rijen met willekeurig gemengde reeksen van 100 items
--Probeer te spelen met het aantal rijen (tel achter GO) en het aantal met TOP

INSERT INTO DelimitedItems(DelimitedNString)
SELECT STUFF((
            SELECT TOP 100 ','+REPLACE(v.[name],',',';') 
            FROM master..spt_values v
            WHERE LEN(v.[name])>0
            ORDER BY NewID()
            FOR XML PATH('')),1,1,'')
--Keep it twice in varchar and nvarchar
UPDATE DelimitedItems SET DelimitedString=DelimitedNString;
GO 500 --create 500 differently mixed rows

--De testen

DECLARE @d DATETIME2;

SET @d = SYSUTCDATETIME();
    SELECT DI.ID, DS.Item, DS.ItemNumber
    INTO #TEMP
    FROM dbo.DelimitedItems DI
         CROSS APPLY dbo.DelimitedSplit8K(DI.DelimitedNString,',') DS;
INSERT INTO Results(ResultSource,RowsCount,durationMS)
SELECT 'delimited8K with NVARCHAR(4000)'
      ,(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM #TEMP) AS RowCountInTemp
      ,DATEDIFF(MILLISECOND,@d,SYSUTCDATETIME()) AS Duration_NV_ms_delimitedSplit8K

SET @d = SYSUTCDATETIME();
    SELECT DI.ID, DS.Item, DS.ItemNumber
    INTO #TEMP2
    FROM dbo.DelimitedItems DI
         CROSS APPLY dbo.DelimitedSplit8K(DI.DelimitedString,',') DS;
INSERT INTO Results(ResultSource,RowsCount,durationMS)
SELECT 'delimited8K with VARCHAR(8000)'
      ,(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM #TEMP2) AS RowCountInTemp
      ,DATEDIFF(MILLISECOND,@d,SYSUTCDATETIME()) AS Duration_V_ms_delimitedSplit8K

SET @d = SYSUTCDATETIME();
    SELECT DI.ID, OJ.[Value] AS Item, OJ.[Key] AS ItemNumber
    INTO #TEMP3
    FROM dbo.DelimitedItems DI
         CROSS APPLY OPENJSON('["' +  REPLACE(DI.DelimitedNString,',','","') + '"]') OJ;
INSERT INTO Results(ResultSource,RowsCount,durationMS)
SELECT 'OPENJSON with NVARCHAR(4000)'
      ,(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM #TEMP3) AS RowCountInTemp
      ,DATEDIFF(MILLISECOND,@d,SYSUTCDATETIME()) AS Duration_NV_ms_OPENJSON

SET @d = SYSUTCDATETIME();
    SELECT DI.ID, OJ.[Value] AS Item, OJ.[Key] AS ItemNumber
    INTO #TEMP4
    FROM dbo.DelimitedItems DI
         CROSS APPLY OPENJSON('["' +  REPLACE(DI.DelimitedString,',','","') + '"]') OJ;
INSERT INTO Results(ResultSource,RowsCount,durationMS)
SELECT 'OPENJSON with VARCHAR(8000)'
      ,(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM #TEMP4) AS RowCountInTemp
      ,DATEDIFF(MILLISECOND,@d,SYSUTCDATETIME()) AS Duration_V_ms_OPENJSON
GO
SELECT * FROM Results;
GO

--Opruimen

DROP TABLE #TEMP;
DROP TABLE #TEMP2;
DROP TABLE #TEMP3;
DROP TABLE #TEMP4;

USE master;
GO
DROP DATABASE dbTest;

Resultaten:

200 items in 500 rijen

1220    delimited8K with NVARCHAR(4000)
 274    delimited8K with VARCHAR(8000)
 417    OPENJSON with NVARCHAR(4000)
 443    OPENJSON with VARCHAR(8000)

100 items in 500 rijen

421 delimited8K with NVARCHAR(4000)
140 delimited8K with VARCHAR(8000)
213 OPENJSON with NVARCHAR(4000)
212 OPENJSON with VARCHAR(8000)

100 items in 5 rijen

10  delimited8K with NVARCHAR(4000)
5   delimited8K with VARCHAR(8000)
3   OPENJSON with NVARCHAR(4000)
4   OPENJSON with VARCHAR(8000)

5 items in 500 rijen

32  delimited8K with NVARCHAR(4000)
30  delimited8K with VARCHAR(8000)
28  OPENJSON with NVARCHAR(4000)
24  OPENJSON with VARCHAR(8000)

--onbeperkte lengte (alleen mogelijk met OPENJSON )--Zonder een TOP-clausule tijdens het invullen
--resulteert in ongeveer 500 items in 500 rijen

1329    OPENJSON with NVARCHAR(4000)
1117    OPENJSON with VARCHAR(8000)

Feit:

• de populaire splitsfunctie houdt niet van NVARCHAR
• de functie is beperkt tot strings binnen 8k byte volumen
• Alleen het geval met veel items en veel rijen in VARCHAR laat de splitterfunctie voorop lopen.
• In alle andere gevallen OPENJSON lijkt min of meer sneller te zijn...
• OPENJSON kan omgaan met (bijna) onbeperkte tellingen
• OPENJSON eisen voor v2016
• Iedereen wacht op STRING_SPLIT met de positie

UPDATE STRING_SPLIT toegevoegd aan de test

In de tussentijd voer ik de test opnieuw uit met nog twee testsecties met behulp van STRING_SPLIT() . Als positie moest ik een hardcoded waarde teruggeven omdat deze functie de index van het onderdeel niet teruggeeft.

In alle geteste gevallen OPENJSON was dichtbij met STRING_SPLIT en vaak sneller:

5 items in 1000 rijen

250 delimited8K with NVARCHAR(4000)
124 delimited8K with VARCHAR(8000) --this function is best with many rows in VARCHAR
203 OPENJSON with NVARCHAR(4000)
204 OPENJSON with VARCHAR(8000)
235 STRING_SPLIT with NVARCHAR(4000)
234 STRING_SPLIT with VARCHAR(8000)

200 items in 30 rijen

140 delimited8K with NVARCHAR(4000)
31  delimited8K with VARCHAR(8000)
47  OPENJSON with NVARCHAR(4000)
31  OPENJSON with VARCHAR(8000)
47  STRING_SPLIT with NVARCHAR(4000)
31  STRING_SPLIT with VARCHAR(8000)

100 items in 10.000 rijen

8145    delimited8K with NVARCHAR(4000)
2806    delimited8K with VARCHAR(8000) --fast with many rows!
5112    OPENJSON with NVARCHAR(4000)
4501    OPENJSON with VARCHAR(8000)
5028    STRING_SPLIT with NVARCHAR(4000)
5126    STRING_SPLIT with VARCHAR(8000)